A Brief History of the KGB and Its Origins

A Brief History of the KGB and Its Origins In the event that you joined the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), included a couple of powerful tablespoons of suspicion and restraint, and made an interpretation of the entire megillah into Russian, you may end up with something like the KGB. The Soviet Unions fundamental inside and outer security office from 1954 until the separation of the U.S.S.R. in 1991, the KGB wasnt made without any preparation, but instead acquired quite a bit of its strategies, faculty, and political direction from the significantly dreaded organizations that went before it. Prior to the KGB: The Cheka, the OGPU and the NKVD In the fallout of the October Revolution of 1917, Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the recently shaped U.S.S.R., required an approach to keep the populace (and his kindred progressives) in line. His answer was to make the Cheka, a shortening of The All-Russian Emergency Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage. During the Russian Civil War of 1918-1920, the Cheka - drove by the one-time Polish blue-blood Felix - captured, tormented, and executed a great many residents. Over the span of this Red Terror, the Cheka idealized the arrangement of synopsis execution utilized by resulting Russian knowledge organizations: a solitary shot to the rear of the casualties neck, ideally in a dim prison. In 1923, the Cheka, still under Dzerzhinsky, changed into the OGPU (the Joint State Political Directorate Under the Council of Peoples Commissarsâ of the U.S.S.R. - Russians have never been acceptable at appealing names). The OGPU worked during a generally uneventful period in Soviet history (no gigantic cleanses, no interior extraditions of a huge number of ethnic minorities), however this organization presided over the formation of the main Soviet gulags. The OGPU additionally violently oppressed strict associations (counting the Russian Orthodox Church) notwithstanding its standard obligations of uncovering nonconformists and saboteurs. Curiously for a chief of a Soviet knowledge organization, Felix Dzerzhinsky kicked the bucket of regular causes, dropping dead of a cardiovascular failure subsequent to reprimanding liberals to the Central Committee. In contrast to these previous organizations, the NKVD (The Peoples Commissariat for Internal Affairs) was simply the brainchild of Joseph Stalin. The NKVD was contracted around a similar time Stalin arranged the homicide of Sergei Kirov, an occasion he blamed so as to cleanse the upper positions of the Communist Party and strike dread into the masses. In the 12â years of its reality, from 1934 to 1946, the NKVD captured and executed actually a huge number of individuals, loaded the gulags with millions increasingly hopeless spirits, and migrated whole ethnic populaces inside the tremendous field of the U.S.S.R. Being a NKVD head was a risky occupation: Genrikh Yagoda was captured and executed in 1938, Nikolai Yezhov in 1940, and Lavrenty Beria in 1953 (during the force battle that followed the demise of Stalin). The Ascensionâ of the KGB After the finish of World War II and before his execution, Lavrenty Beria managed the Soviet security contraption, which stayed in a fairly liquid condition of numerous abbreviations and authoritative structures. More often than not, this body was known as the MGB (The Ministry for State Security), now and then as the NKGB (The Peoples Commissariat for State Security), and once, during the war, as the ambiguously silly sounding SMERSH (short for the Russian expression smert shpionom, or passing to spies). Simply after the passing of Stalin did the KGB, or Commissariat for State Security, officially appear. In spite of its fearsome notoriety in the west, the KGB was in reality increasingly compelling in policing the U.S.S.R. what's more, its eastern European satellite states than in instigating unrest in western Europe or taking military privileged insights from the U.S. (The brilliant time of Russian surveillance was in the years promptly following World War II, before the arrangement of the KGB, when the U.S.S.R. undercut western researchers so as to propel its own improvement of atomic weapons.) The major outside achievements of the KGB included smothering the Hungarian Revolution in 1956 and the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia in 1968, just as introducing a Communist government in Afghanistan in the late 1970s; notwithstanding, the agencys karma ran out in mid 1980s Poland, where the counter Communist Solidarity development rose triumphant. All during this time, obviously, the CIA and the KGB occupied with an intricate global move (frequently in underdeveloped nations like Angola and Nicaragua),â involving operators, twofold specialists, promulgation, disinformation, under-the-table arms deals, obstruction with races, and evening time trades of bags loaded up with rubles or hundred-dollar notes. The specific subtleties of what happened, and where, may never become known; a considerable lot of the specialists and controllers from the two sides are dead, and the current Russian government has not been inevitable in declassifying the KGB chronicles. Inside the U.S.S.R., the mentality of the KGB toward smothering dispute was to a great extent directed by government strategy. During the rule of Nikita Khrushchev, from 1954 to 1964, a specific measure of transparency was endured, as saw in the distribution of Alexander Solzhenitsyns Gulag-time diary One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (an occasion that would have been unfathomable under the Stalin system). The pendulum swung the other path with the rising of Leonid Brezhnev in 1964, and, particularly, the arrangement of Yuri Andropov as the leader of the KGB in 1967. Andropovs KGB dogged Solzhenitsyn out of the U.S.S.R. in 1974, turned the screws on the dissenter researcher Andrei Sakharov, and by and large made life hopeless for any conspicuous figure even somewhat disappointed with Soviet force. The Death (And Resurrection?) of the KGB In the late 1980s - halfway in light of the unfortunate war in Afghanistan and incompletely due to an inexorably expensive weapons contest with the U.S. - the U.S.S.R. started to self-destruct, with widespread swelling, deficiencies of industrial facility products, and unsettling by ethnic minorities. Head Mikhail Gorbachev had just actualized perestroika (a rebuilding of the economy and political structure of the Soviet Union) and glasnost (a strategy of receptiveness toward dissenters), however while this pacified a portion of the populace, it maddened firm stance Soviet administrators who had become used to their benefits. As might have been anticipated, the KGB was at the cutting edge of the counter-upheaval. In late 1990,â then-KGB head Vladimir Kryuchkov selected high-positioning individuals from the Soviet tip top into aâ tight-weave conspiratorial cell, which got a move on following August in the wake of neglecting to persuade Gorbachev to either leave for its favored competitor or pronounce a highly sensitive situation. Outfitted soldiers, some of them in tanks, raged the Russian parliament working in Moscow, yet Soviet President Boris Yeltsin held firm and the upset immediately burnt out. After four months, the U.S.S.R. formally disbanded, giving independence to the Soviet Socialist Republics along its western and southern outskirts and dissolving the KGB (alongside all other Soviet legislative bodies). Be that as it may, foundations like the KGB never truly leave; they simply expect various appearances. Today, Russia is ruled by two security offices, the FSB (The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation) and the SVR (The Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation), which extensively relate to the FBI and the CIA, individually. Progressively troubling, however, is the way that Russian President Vladimir Putin went through 15 years in the KGB, from 1975 to 1990, and his undeniably dictatorial guideline shows that he has acknowledged the exercises he realized there. Its far-fetched that Russia will until the end of time consider a to be office as awful as the NKVD, however an arrival to the darkest days of the KGB is unmistakably not impossible.

Religious figures Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strict figures - Term Paper Example As indicated by the History, Lord Mahavir was the last Tirthankara of the Jain religion. According to the Jain approach all Tirthankaras were people. They obtained the status of flawlessness/illumination subsequent to going through reflection and self acknowledgment. Consequently, Jains view themselves as the ideal individuals. They don't either acknowledge God as their maker, defender and the destroyer of the Universe nor they have faith in the annihilation of devils (Nagaraja 43). Mahavira was conceived in 599 B.C. in the Bihar State of India in the King’s house. His supporters praise his birthday every year as Mahavir Jayanti. The name given to him by his folks was Vardhaman. Being a caring child of his folks, he used to appreciate joys and solaces of life in a regal way. At the point when he achieved the age of 30, he surrendered all the delights of material world and left his family and the Royal habitation for good looking for discovering answer for the issues of everyda y citizens and became Monk (Jain and Upadhye 36). Subsequent to leaving the family and the Royal home, he went through his next 12 years in profound quietness and reflection to dispose of the joys of life. He didn't enjoy any exercises that could be destructive for the creatures and the winged creatures. In some piece of the referenced period, he lived without food. He wound up very without a care in the world even with deplorable sufferings. Due to refered to characteristics, he earned the popularity of Mahavir, which means daring and fearless. During said period, his otherworldly force totally created and goes to the phase of self acknowledgment. Such acknowledgment in the religion of Jain is known as keval jnana (great/edify) (Jain and Upadhye 39).â Soon after consummation of self acknowledgment work out, Mahavir went through an additional 30 years of his life to go in the length and width of India barefooted. During this period, he used to show individuals reality that he unde rstood. He assessed the individuals how an individual can appreciate opportunity from the pattern of birth, torment, wretchedness, life and passing and to accomplish the condition of happiness for good. This condition of rapture is known as nirvana or moksha (Nagaraja 54). As indicated by the convictions of Mahavir, affected by karma, the spirit gets insatiable of common joys (individual effects and assets). In his view, common joys make an individual conceited bringing about increasingly storing up of karmas. He used to lecture the correct confidence, right way and great direct, which assumed unequivocal job in liberating the spirit from the grasp of karma (Winternitz 107). We refer to here three significant occasions of the life of Mahavir a) Conception (Chyavana), an occasion when his mom imagined him in her belly b) subsequent to considering him in belly, the mother had fourteen dreams, yet according to the conviction of Digambar, they were sixteen dreams and c) his introducti on to the world was the paramount occasion for his mom and the family similar. As per the conviction of Mahavir’s adherents, not long after his introduction to the world, the King of Heaven took him to the Mount of Meru and commended his birthday. The most significant occasion in his life was the point at which he surrendered every single common material in his ownership and took shelter in the austere request (Jain and Upadhye 47). The periods of murkiness in the life of humankind, brought forth three extraordinary religions specifically Islam, Christianity and Judaism. The referenced religions are profound established religions. The said religions made its advances in the Old Testament patriarch. Abraham used to show their supporters one God and not any more (known as Ibrahim in Islam), was said

Are You Utilizing Your LinkedIn Profile Sections

Are You Utilizing Your LinkedIn Profile Sections There many often-overlooked sections you should consider adding to your LinkedIn profile.  LinkedIn frequently adds new sections appropriate for special groups like artists and students, for activities like volunteerism, and for skills like languages. You might fall into one of these categories and be at a disadvantage to the artist who completed a portfolio; the student who completed the student section; or the volunteer with a robust Volunteering Causes section. Furthermore, you might be at a loss when attempting to include all the aspects of who you are into your profile unless you utilize some of these special sections. LinkedIn used to have a section called Specialties, and you might have it in your profile. Here’s a sample of what a Specialties section might look like (this person is a specialist in LinkedIn): (You might also simply list your specialties at the bottom of your Summary). Here is a sample of the more recently popularized section for listing your skills: Skills Expertise: But I already have a Specialties section Isnt Skills redundant? Should you fill out the Skills section even if you already have a Specialties section? YES! If you have a Specialties section (not everyone does, as explained above), then both the Specialties and Skills Expertise sections are important areas in which to list your keywords. Whether or not you have a Specialties section, the Skills Expertise section is your best opportunity to appear in searches conducted for people with your skills. The Specialties section gets searched when people do an Advanced Search, and the Skills Expertise section is searchable from https://www.linkedin.com/skills/ or from the Skills Expertise section of anyones profile (hover over one of the skills and click on it for a list of people in your network with that skill). To add the Skills Expertise section, go to Edit Profile and look to the right. You will have a list of sections Recommended for you. Chances are if you don’t have a Skills Expertise section, LinkedIn will recommend that you add one! If you do not complete these two sections (or at least the Skills Expertise section), you will lose a lot of leverage in LinkedIn searches. You also will not be able to get Endorsements if you do not have a Skills Expertise section. Endorsements can be used by recruiters to confirm that you have the skills you claim to have! Can I reorganize my sections? YES! LinkedIn made it possible to move your sections around. On your Edit Profile page, just click on the plus sign to the left of the section name and you can drag the section to wherever you want it. Are you utilizing the new LinkedIn profile features?   I’d love to hear your feedback on the difference adding these features makes for your LinkedIn profile. Save

Challenges of Single Parenting - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1653 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/06/26 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Single Parent Essay Did you like this example? Single parenting unfortunately became a very common predicament. Approximately 40% of American children come from â€Å"broken homes† (Feigelman Finley, 2004). Single parenting usually occurs with negative life events such as a divorce or a traumatic loss (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). As a single parent, raising children is known to cause many problems and difficulties. Adjustment can be very challenging and can thus, result in dysfunctional children (Feigelman Finley, 2004). Raising children is a very challenging experience. There are many difficult issues and intense life decisions that need to be made. These decisions and issues can be very tedious and burdensome especially for a single parent. Single parents have all the responsibilities on their shoulder, such as financial obligations (Feigelman Finley, 2004). They are usually the sole supporters (Feigelman Finley, 2004). Sometimes they have to take on more than one job just so it can sufficiently support the family. This causes the single parents not to be available for their children’s needs. The children needs may need academic or social assistance, which is very crucial. This can cause a strain on single parents and the children especially if there is a divorce or a custody battle (Feigelman Finley, 2004). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Challenges of Single Parenting" essay for you Create order Discipline is another area where single parents have difficulty. Coming from a â€Å"broken home† can cause many negative and harmful effects on children (Feigelman Finley, 2004). Research has shown that children with single parents have a higher criminal participation rate, greater use of substance abuse, violence, depression, academic problems and low self-esteem as compared to children with both parents (Feigelman Finley, 2004). The input and assistance of both parents are necessary when raising children. Although, there are variables that minimizes the negative outcomes, such as children’s age, financial status, and demographics, however, there are still hurtful results that are rampant (Feigelman Finley, 2004). Often adjustments are needed when coming from a single parent home. The children need to become accustomed to a certain way of life. There may be just enough money for life necessities, such as food, shelter, clothing and little or no money left for luxuries the children may want in order to keep up with their friends. This can cause resentment. Another burden is that the household duties such as, cooking, laundry and cleaning needs, are to be done at the same time as assisting children with homework and other children care. Although, this maybe the routine in every household but single parents have to face these responsibilities alone. In order for single parents to feel less overwhelmed and stressed, help of extended family is needed (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). A wider inclusion of family members breeds the health and well-being of youth and reduces the pressure on the parents (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). Another adult or family member should be included to coordinate child rearing responsibilities (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). When single parents receive more support they experience fewer conflicts with children and a rise in positive behaviors. Usually a grandparent or a father’s involvement in children’s lives has a major impact and positive effect on the children. It releases family tension and helps the family system cope (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). A single parent may find it too difficult to fulfill all roles of parenting. They need to nurture the child, be a role model and provide daily care that is often done as a partnership of two parents (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). Co-parenting is a parenting technique that can aid the single parents in providing and fulfilling the roles of parenting (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). The co-parent should be an individual the parent and children can trust and respect (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). In order for a single parent to be successful they must be very involved in their child’s life (Cuellar, Forehand, Jones Parent, 2013). They should be committed every moment and offer a lot of attention. Single parents need to provide security and a stable home. When the foundation of the home is disturbed it creates an increase in the children’s attachment towards the parents (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). This is because if a negative life events such as a divorce or a traumatic loss (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012), occurs, the children will experience a separation from one parent and are therefore afraid of another separation with the other parent (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). This impact causes the children to be extremely attached to the parent (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). The childrenare faced with stress and anxiety. When a small separation transpires the children may result in a behavioral reaction towards the separation. The single par entmay find it difficult to go out with friends, and socialize with their peers. Their children feel a strong attachment with the parent that the children don’t want to be left home alone. They feel less secure, thus causing anxiety in the parent-child relationship. Having a strong attachment is an unhealthy relationship. The parent needs â€Å"me time† and to do things they enjoy. They need to unwind and have leisure time in order to be recharged. They need to go to the gym, pamper themselves and be around adults in their age group in order to feel satisfied with themselves. Once the parent feels content it gives them the energy and patience to handle the pressures and challenges of single parenting. If the children have extreme attachment and the single parents feels stuck, it may cause resentment and animosity. The parents can experience a â€Å"burn out†, feel frustrated and lose her/his temper easily. For their own mental health and well-being the single pa rents should incorporate a separate routine and explain to the children that this will not interfere with their relationship or diminish their love. Another obstacle a single mother might have with a son is providing male role model (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). Boysneed someone to identify with for guidance; therefore, she should encourage a relationship with an uncle or a grandfather (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). All single parents have full custody of their children and the parents reside with them (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). Usually mothers are given custody since they are the primary caretaker for their children (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). However, in certain situations, when the mother is unfit or deceased,the father will have custody. When fathers are the single parent it is usually more challenging. Mothers are the ones who have the nurturing role and take care of the children (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). The fathers have to work extra hard to fill the void of a mother, a role that is unnatural for them. On the other hand, mothers also may have their share of difficulties. They need to juggle all her responsibility and therefore they expect extra assistance from their children (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). A single parent will require more involvement in care taking and household duties. The children will have designated chores to do and more responsibil ities (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). The children have to become more mature and understanding (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). They can no longer be frivolous children and must grow up quickly into adulthood (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). Single parents are sometimes lacking the emotional support that is provided by the other parent, and therefore may turn to the children for emotional support and be at risk for parentification (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). They look upon the children to fill the vacant parental role and to satisfy their needs for comfort in times of stress. They may be more likely to use their children as a confidant to unburden themselves. Instead of parenting their children the roles become reversed (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). They begin to treat the child as a friend or an equal and expect them to be emotionally understanding of their situation. Parentification can occur even at a young age. The children need a strong sense of stability from their parent, and to know they can be relied on in a time of need (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). When this is not provided it can lead to stress and anxiety. In result the parent will need to deal with behavioral problems and other issues (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). The children should not be used as pawns or as sounding boards (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). Often when a single parent is raising a child he/she may feel insecure or a failure (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). They feel inadequate compared to other parents because they cannot offer the same comfort. They are at the scrutiny of others and often given unsolicited advice (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). People might assume because they are parenting alone they are lacking the knowledge on raising children (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). They may feel anxious in their parenting skills in case they slip up and be declared an unfit parent there by losing their children (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). They must be on their guard all the time and make sure they put up a good front for the public (Bernier, Danet Miljkovitch, 2012). Single parents encounter many challenges. The major challenges are disciplining their children, financial responsibility and providing a warm and loving home. Children from single parent homes also have disciplinary and behavior problems for their caretaker to deal with. The parents need to include the help of the others and provide a secure and stable environment. They also need to find time to take care of themselves for their own health and being. References Bernier, A, Danet, M Miljkovitch, R, (2012). Intergenerational transmission of attachment representations in the context of single parenthood in frace. Journal of family psychology, 5, 784-792. doi: 10.1037/a0029627. Retrieved from Mercy College library on February 22, 2015. Cuellar, J, Forehand, R, Jones, D.J Parent, J, (2013). The role of coparents in African American single-mother families:the indirect effect of coparent identity on youth psychosocial adjustment. Journal of family psychology,2,252-262. doi:10.1037/a0031477. Retrieved from Mercy College library on February 22, 2015. Feigelman, W Finley, G.E, (2004). Youth problems among adoptees living in one-parent homes: a comparison with others from one-parent biological families. American journal of orthopsychiatry, 3, 305-315. doi: 10.1037/0002-9432.74.3.305.Retrieved from Mercy College library on February 22, 2015.

A Report On Relational Databases - 923 Words

NoSQL was created in the response to relational databases not being able to handle the scale and changing challenges of modern applications, they also cannot take advantage of the cheap, easy storage abilities and also the processing power accessible now. NoSQL includes a variety of different technologies that were developed in response to the surge of data stored by users, objects and products. They were also developed to contend with the rising frequency that the data is accessed and the performance and processing needs. [7] NoSQL databases can be set into different categories such as †¢ Document databases - Document databases pair each key with a complex data structure known as a document. Documents can contain many different†¦show more content†¦The architecture used by NoSQL databases allows for the databases to be scaled efficiently rather than the more strict architecture found in relational databases. Pros and Cons When comparing the benefits to downfalls of both SQL and NoSQL, there are 6 areas which need to be looked at. These are how the systems allow for querying, how transactions are carried out, the consistency the systems offer, how saleable they are, also how easily managed the systems are and finally the schemas which are used by the systems. SQL based databases support a ever expanding set of languages for queries, as well as the a massive number of filters, sorting options, projections and index queries. NoSQL on the other hand allows for all this as well but does not have the more powerful aggregation options which are available to SQL based databases. Transactions allow for changes to be made to databases and atomicity ensures that these changes are done entirely. Having atomically made changes guaranties that these changes are never done partially, this is important because without it multiple users could make transactions relating to the same data and be working with different result causing data to be lost or new data being created, some NoSQL platforms do not support transactions but most SQL platforms do. Following the atomicity of the transactions consistency is also a big part of both types of platforms. MySQLShow MoreRelatedWhat Is A Relational Database. â€Å"A Relational Database Is1173 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is a Relational Database â€Å"A relational database is a collection of data items organized as a set of formally-described tables from which data can be accessed or reassembled in many different ways without having to reorganize the database tables. It was invented by E.F. Codd in 1970.† (TechTarget, 2006) A simpler definition of a relational database is a self-describing group of related tables. 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Each table has a record which isRead MoreWhat A Database Is, Features Of A Relational Database, And The Benefits Of Relational Databases1659 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: In this report I am going to explain what a database is, features of a relational database, and the benefits of a relational database, purpose of primary keys and how they are used to build relationships, and I am also going to focus on, what are foreign keys and how they are been used, explain referential integrity and finally, how to apply referential integrity. I am also going to backed up my views and opinions with the valid references. Assessment introduction Iain’s Co is aRead MoreDad (Data Analysis and Design)1117 Words   |  5 Pagesof Database system. Date given : 10th May 2010 Date to be submitted : 20th July 2010 Lecturer : Mr. T. Shanakr Rational The objective of this assignment is to assure that the students have gained the relevant knowledge according to the outcomes specified in the syllabus. 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The data are typically organized to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring information, such as modelling the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports finding a hotel with vacancies. It is a structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways. A database is a collection of information that is organized so

Female or Male Teachers †Argumentative Essay Free Essays

Argumentative essay on male and female teachers In deciding if female teachers are better than male teachers, number of discussions and arguments for and against the topic should be examined. As the advancement in learning and education increases more qualified and experienced teachers are needed. These qualified and experienced teachers can be males or females but the question that whether female or male teachers are better still remains unanswered. We will write a custom essay sample on Female or Male Teachers – Argumentative Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The argument shows the point why there are more female teachers, advantages of male and female teachers and whether female teachers are better than male teachers. As a group more females are drawn towards careers like teaching. Taking example of a pre-school or elementary school a 2006 study shows that preschool and elementary school children are taught by 75 percent more female than male teachers. Historically, there have always been more women than men going into the education field. In 2006, the National Education Association released men accounted for less than 25 percent of all teachers in United States public schools. The National Education Association survey showed that more men than women stated that salary is a significant factor in them pursuing other, often more profitable careers than teaching. Still there are many advantages of a male teacher. Some studies show that boys learn more from male teachers, boys were less likely to be seen as disruptive in a class with a male teacher and male teachers are more likely to include games and competition in their teaching methods. The advantages of a female teacher include many aspects as well. Girls learn best from female teachers, women often teach in ways that may fit girls better such as sitting at desks and using worksheets for learning. More female teachers than male expect a quiet and orderly classroom, which girls appreciate. In the middle and high school years, students will probably have a few male teachers. Both males and females bring different approaches and techniques to learning styles. Experiencing both male and female teachers may be best for students so that they can experience the advantages that both genders bring to the classroom. But still many students may have contradictions to how male teachers teach and that many students may not be able to express their views to male teachers so most students end up being educated by primarily female teachers. -Arhama Kamran How to cite Female or Male Teachers – Argumentative Essay, Essay examples

Personal Environmental Statement and Action Plan free essay sample

The dynamic relationship between humans, Earth and all else within has always captivated me. I was born in 1973 in Jamaica, my parents were politically active, I was taken as a child to rallies mostly about challenging socio-political injustices and poverty, in the streets of London, Kingston and New York and can recall the first time hearing such terminology as, ‘limits to growth’, ‘the pollution pandemic’, ‘alternative energy’, ‘consumerism,’ and ‘overpopulation’. Only much later did a bell go off, connecting the two seemingly separate thought structures, culminating in the realization that these ills, whether social or environmental is one and the same. The Protocols of Montreal, Kyoto and more also fueled me with a drive to make sustainable living not only more accessible, but globally more accepted. Further study of a related degree is the only way forward for me. A desire to complement the broad spectrum of Environmental Studies has quietly lead me into the fascinating intricacies of Biology. Here my newfound scientific skills are being honed by controlled experiments, leading toward statistical analysis and debating ethical issues. The thought of studying issues of such overwhelming importance still fills me with awe. Environmental Studies continue to give substance to the issues that are continually significant to me, such as biofuels, soil science, permaculture and policy. I am vehement about pollution and waste management practices/solutions now for our Island, polluted runoff is the greatest threat to Hawai`i’s surface and ground water quality. Polluted runoff, or nonpoint source pollution, results when storm water or irrigation water washes pollutants off the land—from farms, urban areas and construction sites—into our streams and coastal waters. When it rains, water soaks into the ground where plant roots and soil bacteria can absorb or breakdown many pollutants. During heavy rains, water that does not infiltrate the soil runs off into storm drains, streams, rivers then eventually into the ocean. As the runoff washes over the ground, it carries pollutants—dirt (sediment), nutrients (from fertilizers), bacteria (from animal waste), oil, trash and yard waste—away with it. Roads, buildings and parking lots prevent rainwater from soaking into the ground. This increases the volume and speed of water runoff, increases erosion and washes pollutants through storm drains into streams and the ocean. We’re putting hundreds of millions of tons of plastic and other garbage into the sea, killing marine life. Over 80% of marine pollution comes from land-based activities. From plastic bags to pesticides – most of the waste we produce on land eventually reaches the oceans, either through deliberate dumping or from run-off through drains and rivers. This includes: oil, fertilizers, solid garbage, sewage toxic, and chemicals. The Hawaii State Department Of Health, Clean Water Branch has a Polluted Runoff Control program whose objectives are management measures for Hawaii’s Coastal Non-point source. (2009) The Environmental Protection Agency has donated a grant of $1. 1 million to help mitigate issue of Land Based Pollution, (U. S Environmental Protection Agency, 2013). Algal Biofuels, promising—and has many more benefits than traditional fuels and other types of biofuels. Getting our fuel from algal sources: reduces the requirement for aerobic treatment of wastewater, reduces the land requirements for water treatment facilities when space is limited, results in a Net-positive energy gain in terms of reduction of energy load, produces a biomass source (microalgae) that has excellent properties as a feedstock for energy producing pathways, reduces the amount of anaerobic solids that are disposed of in landfills and finally, reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists at the Division of Biological Sciences at the University of California San Diego argues, â€Å"Biofuel can be produced from various sources, but yield estimates are significantly higher for algae than for any other crop. This has considerable implications for land-area requirements: algae cultivated on only 30 million hectares and yielding biofuel at a conservative estimate of 40,000 litres per hectare per year is sufficient to replace the 1,200 billion litres of petroleum used by the world’s largest consumer of petroleum, the United States† (Ryan Mayfield, 2012). (Ryan Mayfield, 2012, p. 330) Bioremediation — the application of biological processes to address environmental problems — is among the technologies being touted to treat contaminated soils and water sources, and to process wastes. There are significant advantages to using bioremediation over other approaches. Most bioremediation processes can be performed in-situ, which reduces cost and disruption to operations, simplifies logistics, and minimizes liability. Unlike many traditional methods that rely solely on disposal or containment, bioremediation usually aims to decompose pollutants, and therefore represents a permanent strategy, minimizing long-term liability. Soil Science deals with soils as an environmental resource. It includes soil characterization, classification, and mapping, and the physical, chemical, hydrologic, mineralogical, biological, and microbiological analysis of soil. Bioremediation Use of cover crops, green manures, composts, compost teas, flash-carbonized charcoal, and biological waste products to quantifiably improve plant and soil health selection of hardy crop varieties plant–microbe symbioses (e. g. , biological nitrogen fixation, mycorrhizae) and integrated pest management The practice of soil science means any service or work, the adequate performance of which requires education in the physical, chemical, and biological sciences, as well as soil science; training and experience in the application of special knowledge of these sciences to the use and management of soil by accepted principles and methods; and investigation, evaluation, and consultation; and in which to performance if related to the public welfare by safeguarding like, health, property and the environment. Practice of soil science includes, but is not limited to investigating and evaluating the interactions between water, soil minerals, plants and other living organisms that are used to prepare soil scientists’ reports for; subsurface ground absorption systems, including infiltration galleries; land application of residuals such as sludge, septage, and other wastes; spray irrigation of wastewater; soil remediation at conventional rates; land application of agricultural products; processing residues, bioremediation, and volatilization; soil erodibility and sedimentation; and identification of hydric soil and redoximorphic features. Holistically, English Literature was an obvious choice; the need for imaginative communicators is vital to catalyze understanding and unity. Extensive essay writing combined with an exploration of views and purpose has helped to further shape me into an open minded, creative, and engaging writer. Part Two Sustainable Practices I have been engaged in sustainability since the beginning of my experience as a student at Maui College. I have made use of the awareness I’ve gained learning about sustainability by participating in various projects and internships such as the Maui Smart Grid Project, spearheaded by the Hawaii Institute for Natural resources and the Department of Energy by will give me a unique opportunity to apply my studies to a real life situation and, vitally, help sew the seed of environmental conservation to tourists and our local and indigenous community. Balancing this with my other endeavors such as the Vice Presidency of our student environmental and social conscience club; The Student Ohana for Sustainability, permaculture workshops and the new gardening plot I have recently purchased access to, obtained from the campus’s community gardening program, these endeavors has proven challenging, but I have maintained my dedication to all with zeal. For the future, my vision is to use my degree to communicate the urgency to act upon what we are continually learning about the Earth, before the ramifications of our actions become catastrophic. I understand that cultures have a right to develop to gain equal standards of sanitation and economic stability; volunteering in the Salvation Army soup kitchens has shown me people who are desperately suffering. Yet it is imperative that global standards of living progress in a way that promotes harmony throughout the environmental and social realms, without compromising future needs. Retreating glaciers, drought, disease: far too many tragedies prove we have a debt to pay to our incredible planet, a duty to evolve society around sustainable ways of life. We humans have not always recognized the importance of, and our responsibility in, safeguarding the environment. In fact, we didnt always recognize that the industries that we build and the ways in which we use our resources can be damaging to the environment, or, subsequently, that damaging the environment can directly affect our health and our well being. Scientific and public awareness of the important balance between humans and nature has increased slowly since the beginning of the industrial age. Our understanding of how pollution affects our environment and us has improved throughout history because of work done by concerned scientists and citizens. Through their observations and investigations, these individuals have contributed to our appreciation of pollution impacts. Through their public action, these people have instigated changes in laws and public opinion. The work of these individuals has made a significant and beneficial change in the way we exist in, and treat, our environment. It was during an English lesson that I stumbled upon this unforgettable forecast: â€Å"The sedge is wither’d from the lake, and no birds sing. † These poignant words, by the poet Keats, were also credited in Rachel Carson’s revolutionary ‘Silent Spring’. However, I’m glad to say: Mr. Keats, I disagree. Humanity has not yet rendered your prophecy true. Through university, I hope to take my first steps to help steer the world from the clutches of devastation, before it is too late. I am inspired and privileged to live in this island community where many who share their knowledge, resources and zeal to help us, help each other .

Women in Song Lyrics essays

Women in Song Lyrics essays I said it must be ya ass cause it aint ya face. This is a quote from a very popular song today by Nelly about a woman. Objectification of women in song lyrics is something mostly used in hip hop. It has become a cool thing to degrade women through song lyrics. There are several artists today that use this as a tool to sell their music; the three that I will focus on are Nelly, Ja Rule, and Outkast. There are also those artists who challenge this degrading of women. One of these artists is Christine Kane. Nelly is a very popular hip hop artist today, whose music is very well known. Nellys song, Tip Drill, is a song completely about the objectification of women. It includes lyrics such as, It must be ya money, cause it aint ya face.....I got you payin my bills and buyin automobiles.....I know you a trick go spend that shit, turn that ass up mama put that dip in ya back, now baby girl bring it over let me spit my pimpjuice, I need a freak to hold me tight....for seven days and seven nights....I need a freak that will not choke....let me stick it down her ohhh, and the chorus, I said it must be ya ass cause it aint ya face. This song is sending listeners the idea that a womans face does not matter as long as she has money or a nice body. It is telling women that they are simply an object for the mans enjoyment. These lyrics are telling men that it is okay to view and treat women in this degrading way. It is showing them that they do not need to have any respect for women. Now moving on to Ja Rule, he has a song called Mesmerize that uses objectification of women as one of the main points of the song. These lyrics include, Girl your stare, those eyes....your lips, your smile, your hips, those thighs....and I cant deny....I got a fetish for f ...

The Troubled Succession of Charles V of Spain

The Troubled Succession of Charles V of Spain By the time he was 20, in 1520, Charles V ruled the largest collection of European land since Charlemagne over 700 years earlier. Charles was Duke of Burgundy, King of the Spanish Empire and the Habsburg territories, which included Austria and Hungary, as well as Holy Roman Emperor; he continued to acquire more land throughout his life. Problematically for Charles, but interestingly for historians, he acquired these lands piecemeal - there was no one single inheritance - and many of the territories were independent countries with their own systems of government and little common interest. This empire, or monarchia, may have brought Charles power, but it also caused him great problems. The Succession to Spain Charles inherited the Spanish Empire in 1516; this included peninsular Spain, Naples, several islands in the Mediterranean and large tracts of America. Although Charles had a clear right to inherit, the manner in which he did so caused upset: in 1516 Charles became regent of the Spanish Empire on his mentally ill mother’s behalf. Just a few months later, with his mother still alive, Charles declared himself king. Charles Causes Problems The manner of Charles’ rise to the throne caused upset, with some Spaniards wishing for his mother to remain in power; others supported Charles’ infant brother as heir. On the other hand, there were many who flocked to the court of the new king. Charles caused more problems in the manner in which he initially governed the kingdom: some feared he was inexperienced, and some Spaniards feared Charles would focus on his other lands, such as those he stood to inherit from Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian. These fears were exacerbated by the time it took Charles to put aside his other business and travel to Spain for the very first time: eighteen months. Charles caused other, much more tangible, problems when he arrived in 1517. He promised a gathering of towns called the Cortes that he wouldn’t appoint foreigners to important positions; he then issued letters naturalizing certain foreigners and appointed them to important positions. Furthermore, having been granted a large subsidy to the crown by the Cortes of Castile in 1517, Charles broke with tradition and asked for another large payment while the first was being paid. He’d so far spent little time in Castile and the money was to finance his claim to the Holy Roman throne, a foreign adventure feared by Castilians. This, and his weakness when it came to resolving internal conflicts between the towns and nobles, caused great upset. The Revolt of the Comuneros 1520-1 During the years 1520 - 21, Spain experienced a major rebellion within its Castilian kingdom, an uprising that has been described as the largest urban revolt in early modern Europe. (Bonney, The European Dynastic States, Longman, 1991, p. 414) Although certainly true, this statement obscures a later, but still significant, rural component. There is still debate on how close the revolt came to succeeding, but this rebellion of Castilian towns - who formed their own local councils, or communes - included a true mix of contemporary mismanagement, historical rivalry, and political self-interest. Charles wasn’t completely to blame, as pressure had grown over the last half-century when towns felt themselves increasingly losing power versus the nobility and the crown. The Rise of the Holy League Riots against Charles had begun before he had even left Spain in 1520, and as the riots spread, towns began rejecting his government and forming their own: councils called comuneros. In June 1520, as nobles remained quiet, hoping to profit from the chaos, the comuneros met and formed themselves together in the Santa Junta (Holy League). Charles’ regent sent an army to deal with the rebellion, but this lost the propaganda war when it started a fire that gutted Medina del Campo. More towns then joined the Santa Junta. As the rebellion spread in the north of Spain, the Santa Junta initially tried to get Charles V’s mother, the old queen, on their  side for support. When this failed, the Santa Junta sent a list of demands to Charles, a list intended to keep him king and moderate his actions and make him more Spanish. The demands included Charles returning to Spain and giving the Cortes a much greater role in government. Rural Rebellion and Failure As the rebellion grew larger, cracks appeared in the alliance of towns as each had their own agenda. The pressure of supplying troops also began to tell. The rebellion spread into the countryside, where people directed their violence against the nobility as well as the king. This was a mistake, as the nobles who had been content to let the revolt carry on now reacted against the new threat. It was the nobles who exploited Charles to negotiate a  settlement and a noble led army which crushed the comuneros  in battle. The revolt was effectively over after the Santa Junta was defeated in battle at Villalar in April 1521, although pockets remained until early 1522. The reaction of Charles wasn’t harsh given the standards of the day, and the towns kept many of their privileges.  However, the Cortes was never to gain any further power and became a glorified bank for the king. The Germania Charles faced another rebellion which occurred at the same time as the Comunero Revolt, in a smaller and less financially important region of Spain. This was the Germania, born out of a militia created to fight Barbary pirates, a council which wanted to create a Venice like city-state, and class anger as much as a dislike of Charles. The rebellion was crushed by the nobility without much crown help. 1522: Charles Returns Charles returned to Spain in 1522 to find royal power restored. Over the next few  years, he worked to change the relationship between himself and the Spaniards, learning Castilian, marrying an Iberian woman and calling Spain the heart of his empire. The towns were bowed and could be reminded of what they had done if ever they opposed Charles, and the nobles had fought their way to a closer relationship with him.

Psychology - Career Guidance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Psychology - Career Guidance - Essay Example There are a number of models and techniques being used to provide planning services to clients for career counseling and development. Most common ways of provision of career planning counseling is done through self-assessment, reality testing and decision-making techniques (Watts 1996). These are the most commonly used techniques which were used traditionally. However, modern models have been initiated in order to provide a wholesome manner of providing career counseling and development to clients. Moreover, self-directed manner for career counseling is another model which has been used by a number of counselors over the time which has had limited results previously. It is due to this reason that other types of models were coined (Watts 1996). Most recently, interviews were used as a cost-effective manner of providing effective career planning advises to clients. These interview based techniques and traditional techniques influence Gerarad Egan to create a model that could make use of all the techniques to make sure that development is noticed and undertaken in real manners unlike any other therapies being conducted for psychological practices. Working model of Egan covers development aspect as crucial to objective achievement (Watts 1996). Among different models that are applied for career planning and development of clients, Egan Model is considered as one of the most effective model for counseling purpose. It is because of three staged model mechanism that allows easy evaluation of clients’ choice, transition and different clients need (Watts 1996). The stage I of the Egan model allows effective relationship building process between the counselor and client. This will allow the client to focus on the options from which he or she can actually find out the best possible choices for themselves. In other words, it could be said that the stage I in Egan’s model, clients can actually set up priority chart and

Liberal arts in our life Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Liberal arts in our life - Research Paper Example Another branch of the liberal arts is known as the humanities which cover literature, languages, history, and philosophy. The third branch is the creative arts – theater, fine art, creative writing and others. All these broad subjects are what are known as the liberal arts and they are, as you can see, quite wide and varied. They are usually available to students at an undergraduate level right at the beginning and at more advanced levels as we move up the higher education chain (Sigurdson 14). II. What I know about the topic 1. The main task of liberal arts Liberal arts are not designed to equip you or enable you to specialize in a specific profession. Rather, they are there to prepare the students for life in the working world. Liberal arts equip you with the ability, first and foremost, to have lifelong learning. Learning does not just end in the classroom or after graduation. It is a process through which we acquire knowledge skills and expertise throughout our life. It is , therefore, necessary for one to have courses that equip you to do exactly that – essentially be a student for life, learning and adapting to new knowledge, new aspects of life and learning how to adapt, live and even thrive with change. 2. The main capacities of liberal arts The liberal arts also give one the ability and capacity for free thinking. It teaches the student how to think, how to question and how to expand your horizons. The liberal arts also enable one to communicate effectively (Schall 7). It is not just a matter of learning how to speak a foreign language or two – though that is also covered in liberal arts – but how to interpret nonverbal communications, how to communicate in cultures other than your own, and how to express yourself in contexts that are different from your traditional ones (Sigurdson 18). The liberal arts give students a chance to not only explore and get their head round a large variety of subjects but also an ability to look at the world, themselves and others in a totally new light. It gives students an appreciation of different points of view and different modes of thought. It is an opportunity to learn about the evolution of human society, how it started out, how it came through civilization, what civilization is all about and what in the world has changed and how it has changed since this civilization came about. In liberal arts one learns what previous generations have learned, thought and experienced (Schall 11). III. Research 1. The main questions of liberal arts What questions did they ask? What answers did the great philosophers seek? Liberal arts give you an opportunity to wrestle with abstract concepts and ideas. There arose questions such as: What is beauty and how does one decide that something is beautiful and the other one is not? Does this color or make-up look good on me? How did our history shape us and our thinking? How did we interact with the environment and what impact has it had o n us and us about it? What acts constitute sexual harassment in the workplace and why and how should they be reported? Thus, liberal arts result in a person who has a more rounded appreciation of himself, others and his environment. A classic story is told to explain the importance of the liberal arts. Three blind men who were told to touch an elephant and then describe what it looked like. The first one touched the elephant’s main body and decided because it was so big, this creature must be like a wall. The second blind man touched the elephant’s tusk and after racing it all the way to the tip, decided that the elephant must be shaped like a spear, like some

Assessment of Naproxen and Paracetamol in Mixed Tablet

Assessment of Naproxen and Paracetamol in Mixed Tablet METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ASSESSMENT OF NAPROXEN AND PARACETAMOL IN MIXED TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY RP-UPLC K.KANAKAPARVATHI*, Vijay Nagarjan, Santha Arcot and CH Hemanth Kumar. ABSTRACT An advancement design and corroboration for simultaneous assessment of Naproxen (NAP) and Paracetamol (PAR) in merged tablet dosage form by UPLC. The column used in determination was C18 thermo fisher (50cm x 4.6 mm x 3Â µm), mobile phase used in this method was 0.4% ammonium acetate buffer: methanol: acetonitrile (40:40:20), the retention time was about 1.9 minutes and 3 minutes for PAR and NAP of a total run time of 5 minutes, with flow rate of 0.2ml per minute respectively at a wavelength of 271nm, linearity of the method was linear over the range of 38.496 to 57.664ÃŽ ¼g/ml for Paracetamol and 64.096 to 95.968ÃŽ ¼g/ml of Naproxen respectively with a correlation of 0.999 for simultaneous assessment for PAR and NAP thus the method was fast, simple, elegant and less time consuming method Keywords: Naproxen, Paracetamol RP-UPLC, Method validation INTRODUCTION Naproxen is chemically 2-Naphthaleneacetic acid, 6-methoxy-ÃŽ ±-methyl-(s)-(+)-(s)-6 methoxy-ÃŽ ±-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid as shown in (Figure 1). It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for minimizing of moderate to severe torment, delirium, inflammation and stiffness. [6-11]. Paracetamol (PAR) is chemically N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide (Figure 2), It has analgesic and antipyretic activity for the therapy of subsidiary, non-inflammatory conditions of patient who were prone to gastric symptoms [12-14]. The merger of these two drugs are used in the remedy [11] of Musculoskeletal Disorder (Sprain/Strains) Trauma Fractures/injuries), Occupational affliction, Joint torment, Low Back laceration the literature review supports legion UPLC methods for the evaluation of NAP and PAR independently and in combination with other drugs but There was no UPLC method had been reported for the determination of NAP and PARA in merged dosage form So an experiment was taken to expand and corroborate a rapid RP-UPLC method [1-5] for the determination of NAP and PARA in mixed tablet dosage forms. Figure 1 NAPROXEN Figure 2 Paracetamol MATERIALS NAP and PAR was earned from Ideal analytical and research institution puducherry, India. All chemicals worn were analytical standard. The pharmaceutical tablet dosage form used in this study was NAPROSYN P with a label claim of NAP 300mg and PAR 500mg were purchased from local pharmacy. INSTRUMENTATION AND APPARATUS The uplc system used for advancement design and corroboration was thermo accela equipped with 1050 quaternary pump auto sampler and photodiode array detector. The detector output were recorded and processed using chrome quest software version 5.0 sonicator (PCI bath sonicator ) was used for degassing of mobile phase and sonication of the solutions prepared SOFTWARE: The statically calculation for the analysis was performed by using Microsoft excel 2010 software (Microsoft, USA) METHOD CORROBORATION: SYSTEM SUITABILITY: System suitability was determined by injecting the standard solution and observed the parameters like retention time, peak area, relative standard deviation, tailing factor, USP theoretical plates. LINEARITY For testing of linearity five different concentration of sample solution (80%, 90%, 100%, 110%, and 120%) was injected and checked over by plotting the graph as peak area verses concentration thus the data treated by linear regression analysis. ACCURACY Accuracy can be done by injecting the sample solution with known standard concentration and the amount of percentage recovery gives the accuracy of sample. PRECISION Precision can be evaluated by Interday and intraday, were the same sample solution has to be assayed for the same day and on different days at different time intervals ROBUSTNESS The determination of robustness can be done by changing the experimental condition deliberately. The condition may include of changing in mobile phase flow rate, pH and temperature, the percentage of RSD, tailing factor, resolution, were cross check with the original data. RESULT DISCUSSION: The method has validated according to the norms of international harmonization of conference (ICH) guidelines with regards of system suitability, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness as follows SYSTEM SUITABILITY The system suitability tests were carried out to evaluate the resolution and reproducibility of the system for the analysis. The results of the system suitability test were summarized in Table No.1. Table 1: System suitability results S.No PARAMETERS PAR NAP 1 Retention Time 1.807 3.007 2 Peak area 410801 306340 3 Percentage area 57.28 42.72 4 Theoretical plates 2633 3306 5 Resolution 0.0000 0.85712 6 Tailing factor 1.754 1.696 Solution stability The solvents which had been used in the mobile phase were cost effective than the solvents used in the other UPLC methods which are reported in the literatures. Standard and samples solution stability was studied above 12 and 24 hours and found stable against the freshly prepared standard. Table2. Results of Solution stability Time (hrs) Percentage Assay Percentage difference in assay PAR NAP PAR NAP Initial 99.92 99.99 0.002 0.001 After 12 hrs 99.52 99.57 0.003 0.002 After 24 hrs 99.12 99.19 0.001 0.002 LINEARITY Linearity of the method was evaluated at 5 different concentration levels of 38.496 to 57.664ÃŽ ¼g/ml for Paracetamol and 64.096 to 95.968ÃŽ ¼g/ml of Naproxen respectively. Both the drugs were found to give linear detector response in the concentration under study with correlation coefficient of 0.997 and 0.999 for PAR and NAP respectively. Table3: Linearity study for NAP and PAR S.NO PARAMETERS PAR NAP 1 Linearity range 38.49 57.664ÃŽ ¼g/ml 64.09 -95.96ÃŽ ¼g/ml 2 Correlation coefficient (r2) 0.997 0.999 3 Slope 3769.8726 2867.1591 4 Intercept 1567.7362 0.1591 ACCURACY Accuracy of the method was determined by recovery test. The percentage recovery was found to be within the concentration of 100 to 115 as 100, 105, 110, and 115 (Table4). All results indicate that the method is highly accurate. Table: 4(a) accuracy data for PAR S.NO ACCURACY LEVEL STANDARD AREA SAMPLE AREA Mg/tab PERCENTAGE 1 100 404871 393726 499.83 99.97 2 105 404871 413927 525.48 105.1 3 110 404871 433143 549.87 109.97 4 115 404871 454077 576.46 115.29 Table 4(b) accuracy data for NAP S.NO ACCURACY LEVEL STANDARD AREA SAMPLE AREA Mg/tab PERCENTAGE 1 100 306460.4 303506 299.26 99.75 2 105 306460.4 319467 315.00 105.00 3 110 306460.4 334246 329.57 109.86 4 115 306460.4 350847 345.94 115.31 PRECISION This method was validated for its inter-day and intra-day precision. The results (table4) obtained were within the acceptable limit. Table 5: results for precision studies s.no Parameter(units) PAR NAP STANDARD AREA SAMPLE AREA PERCENTAGE STANDARD AREA SAMPLE AREA PERCENTAGE 1 Interday precision (1st day) (2nd day) (3rd day) 404871 404871 404871 401886 402568 403442 100.87 99.28 100.74 306460 306460 306460 307076 307209 309589 99.77 98.08 100.07 2 Intraday precision 1sthrs 2nd hrs 3rd hrs 404871 404871 404871 402645 401507 400271 100.17 100.65 100.49 306460 306460 306460 309957 307438 307946 99.82 99.76 100.07 3 Average 100.366 99.595 4 SD 0.584 0.75 5 RSD 0.582 0.758 ROBUSTNESS The robustness of the method was determined and the percentage RSD of the results was found to be less than 2.0%, which demonstrate that the developed method is robust. Table6. Results of Robustness parameter CHANGED PARAMETERS FLOW RATE WAVE LENGTH S.NO PARAMETERS 190 210 269 273 PAR NAP PAR NAP PAR NAP PAR NAP 1 Retention time 1.938 3.215 1.70 2.832 1.810 3.005 1.810 3.007 2 Area 462947 347334 406134 306784 432154 322852 426295 347442 3 % area 57.13 42.87 56.97 43.03 57.24 42.76 55.10 44.90 CONCLUSION: Thus, the above stated method for determination of PAR and NAP by UPLC method concludes as it can be quantified simultaneously by using of isocratic mobile phase of 0.4% ammonium acetate buffer: methanol: acetonitrile (40:40:20), by using of PDA detector at 271 nm. Thus the proposed method is simple, precise, accurate, rapid and sensitive, where it can be applied successfully for the assessment of PAR and NAP in combined pharmaceutical formulations. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors are thankful to ideal analytical and research laboratory pondycherry, India for all the facilities provided to complete our work.

Major League Baseball

1. Briefly, what are the major developments in the history of the labor-management relationship within Major League Baseball?According to Lewicki, Barry & Saunders (2010), the major developments of labor-management relationship within Major League Baseball (MLB) started in the late 1960s and were characterized by the ongoing disputes between the owners and the players that resulted in the following hard bargaining agreements, work stoppages and lockouts: a)1st and 2nd Basic Agreement – was a contract that 1) significantly increased the minimum salary of all the players and 2) established a protocol that players could follow to air their grievances.The agreements came as a response mechanism that was used by U. S. owners who wanted to avoid the competitive pressure that had been created by the Mexican League in terms of U. S player salaries. In 1946, the Mexican Baseball League had begun hiring U. S. players and the U. S owners wanted to avoid a bidding war with the Mexican Lea gue essay writer help. In 1953, the Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA) was formed to serve as the player’s main bargaining body and in response, the owners formed the Major League Player Relations Committee (PRC) to serve as their main negotiating body. )3rd Basic Agreement – the MLBPA was demanding that the pension fund surplus of $1 million should be used to offset the increased cost of living but the PRC declined to budge. It was evident that both parties could not come to an agreement on how much money the owners should contribute to the player’s pension fund. The players went on strike in 1972 forcing the two sides to compromise on a contribution amount of $500,000. c)4th Basic Agreement – was a contract that 1) annihilated the reserve clause and 2) paved way for free agency.The owners implemented the reserve clause into the players’ contracts to ensure that the players could not offer their skills and services to the highest bi dder. This basically meant that the players could not switch teams and/or make more money elsewhere and dishonoring the clause would cause a player to be blacklisted from the MLB. However, the clause was challenged in 1976 after two players went to arbitration and won, by a 2 to 1 vote, the right to offer their services to the highest bidder thus killing the reserve clause. )5th Basic Agreement – the MLBPA and the PRC could not agree on how a team that was losing a free agent could be compensated thus making the players to go on strike prior to the start of the 1980 season. This forced both parties to agree on studying the free-agent compensation issue for a year after which they would regroup to revisit the issue. In 1981, the players went on strike again after the two parties failed to agree on the terms of free-agent compensation. This forced the parties to eventually reach an agreement stipulating that the team that had lost a player would in return receive a player from the signing team. )6th Basic Agreement – the MLBPA and the PRC would once again butt heads over pension contribution levels that had been agreed on in the 3rd Basic Agreement and the free-agent compensation that was agreed on in the 5th Basic Agreement. However, the two parties reached an agreement within a day to avoid a strike. f)7th Basic Agreement – in 1990, the owners tried to institute another lockout because the lack of a salary cap made it possible for large market teams to attract richer television contracts from local networks and offer players higher salaries.The owners were proposing a revenue sharing program that would mandate the larger market teams to share a portion of their revenue with the smaller market teams. The two parties reached an agreement 32 days later and the revenue sharing issue was put on hold temporarily. g)8th Basic Agreement – the owners realized that competition and financial disparity was hurting their profits while salary arb itration was driving up salary levels. They wanted salary arbitration eliminated, the salary cap introduced, free agency eligibility standards lowered and television revenue split equally with the players.However, the MLBPA rejected these proposals and the players went on strike for 232 days. The 8th Basic Agreement was agreed upon in late 1996 and it introduced the revenue sharing program that was put on hold in the 7th Basic Agreement but did not offer the owners the salary cap they had sought. h)9th Basic Agreement – the Curt Flood Act was passed in 1998 to reduce the chance of future strikes by making it possible for players to sue the owners if labor negotiations stalled. The issue of contraction was also put on hold after owners tried to eliminate competition and financial disparity by contracting/eliminating two teams from the MLB.The 9th Basic Agreement was reached by the two parties to avert another strike and it introduced the luxury tax as a way to slow down the ra te at which the players’ salaries was rising as well as save the upcoming post season. i)10th Basic Agreement – the upcoming negotiations were to take place to due to the 2002 contract that was set to expire at the end of 2006. However, a dark cloud loomed over the upcoming negotiations due to the past history of labor relations in MLB that was characterized by strikes, lockouts, lost revenue from the strikes and lockouts and unfavorable clauses that had been implemented into the players’ contracts.

What the In-Crowd Wont Tell You About Essay Topics for Esl Placement Test

What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Essay Topics for Esl Placement Test Whenever you opt to ask us for skilled guidance, don't hesitate to speak to our support managers. It is possible to also find several discounts on our site which will help you to save some more money for future orders or anything you want to spend them on. After discovering our website, you will no longer will need to bother friends and family with these kinds of requests. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, in addition to make sure you are getting the very best service our company may deliver. This form of essay writing will require that you use conditional sentence structures. You may also order a fully written compare and contrast essay and alleviate the quantity of work you must do. 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The Pain of Essay Topics for Esl Placement Test Conventional classes require students to attend class at a certain time and in a particular site. It's highly advised that students review this material to make certain that they're placed into the right class. Students may arrive in before taking the test or they might arrive in before retesting. They are encouraged that when choosing a topic, you think outside the box as this will most likely earn you better grades. A seasoned professional will make an error-free assignment right away and can help you boost your grades. The one most frequent mistake made by students is neglecting to get ready for the placement test. Because they're prepared to learn, they will delight in the class. Here's What I Know About Essay Topics for Esl Placement Test Good placement is significant to your success in college. This is more of an informal kind of lesson wherever your ultimate objective is for all your students to talk in a cozy atmosphere. 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The Balance Between Customer Service And Resource...

. The main objective of nicola is to find the balance between customer service and resource utilization, so at nice framing ,in order to meet the demands of the customer and able to satisfy their needs ,it was necessary to have a good levels of finished stock . This actually meant that Nicola needed to have enough raw materials at all times. Thus availability of a wide variety of stock meant that she actually have an edge over its competitors. Nicola’s business of Nice Framing was to put main focus on the customers , as the business is now growing because of its customer focus service , but the main reason of this was because it has many raw materials and had a wide variety of finished framed pictures in stock to wait for the customer’s choice . Those critical factors includes : 1.) Increasing customer’s satisfaction 2.) Nicola’s reputation has been built because of her reliability and responsiveness. a.1) What are the operating objectives of the business? Ans. The operating objectives of nice framing is to have atleast good levels of raw materials and must have wide variety of finished picture stock that it should be able to attract and satisfy the needs of her main clients. It was imperative for her to be able to satisfy demand very quickly and to schedule contracts onto site in accordance with the project’s required delivery slots. This actually was done â€Å"round the clock† availability, as the picture delivery and the installation took place at an unusual hours, soShow MoreRelatedThe Balance Between Customer Service And Resource Utilization Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pagesobjective of nicola is to find the balance between customer service and resource utilization, so at nice framing ,in order to meet the demands of the customer and able to satisfy their needs ,it was necessary to have a good levels of finished stock . This actually meant that Nicola needed to have enough raw materials at all times. 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